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Which Countries Qualify for E-1 and E-2 Treaty Visas?

E-1 and E-2 eligibility begins with nationality. A country may qualify for E-1, E-2, both, or neither, and several treaty entries carry important limitations or territorial footnotes. The table below is an implementation-ready summary of the Department of State treaty-country list reviewed August 28, 2026; the official DOS list controls if it changes.

Direct Answer

E-1 and E-2 eligibility begins with nationality. A country may qualify for E-1, E-2, both, or neither, and several treaty entries carry important limitations or territorial footnotes. The table below is an implementation-ready summary of the Department of State treaty-country list reviewed August 28, 2026; the official DOS list controls if it changes.

Current E-1 and E-2 Treaty-Country Table

Treaty eligibility depends on nationality and the current country-specific rules. Use the official source and notes with the table below.

CountryE-1E-2Official note
AlbaniaNoYes — January 4, 1998—
ArgentinaYes — December 20, 1854Yes — December 20, 1854—
ArmeniaNoYes — March 29, 1996—
AustraliaYes — December 16, 1991Yes — December 27, 1991—
AustriaYes — May 27, 1931Yes — May 27, 1931—
AzerbaijanNoYes — August 2, 2001—
BahrainNoYes — May 30, 2001—
BangladeshNoYes — July 25, 1989—
BelgiumYes — October 3, 1963Yes — October 3, 1963—
BoliviaYes — November 9, 1862Limited — June 6, 2001Note 13
Bosnia and HerzegovinaYes — November 15, 1982Yes — November 15, 1982Note 11
BruneiYes — July 11, 1853No—
BulgariaNoYes — June 2, 1954—
CameroonNoYes — April 6, 1989—
CanadaYes — January 1, 1994Yes — January 1, 1994—
ChileYes — January 1, 2004Yes — January 1, 2004—
China (Taiwan)Yes — November 30, 1948Yes — November 30, 1948Note 1
ColombiaYes — June 10, 1948Yes — June 10, 1948—
Congo (Brazzaville)NoYes — August 13, 1994—
Congo (Kinshasa)NoYes — July 28, 1989—
Costa RicaYes — May 26, 1852Yes — May 26, 1852—
CroatiaYes — November 15, 1982Yes — November 15, 1982Note 11
Czech RepublicNoYes — January 1, 1993Note 2
DenmarkYes — July 30, 1961Yes — December 10, 2008Note 3
EcuadorNoLimited — May 11, 1997Note 14
EgyptNoYes — June 27, 1992—
EstoniaYes — May 22, 1926Yes — February 16, 1997—
EthiopiaYes — October 8, 1953Yes — October 8, 1953—
FinlandYes — August 10, 1934Yes — December 1, 1992—
FranceYes — December 21, 1960Yes — December 21, 1960Note 4
GeorgiaNoYes — August 17, 1997—
GermanyYes — July 14, 1956Yes — July 14, 1956—
GreeceYes — October 13, 1954No—
GrenadaNoYes — March 3, 1989—
HondurasYes — July 19, 1928Yes — July 19, 1928—
IrelandYes — September 14, 1950Yes — November 18, 1992—
IsraelYes — April 3, 1954Yes — May 1, 2019Note 15
ItalyYes — July 26, 1949Yes — July 26, 1949—
JamaicaNoYes — March 7, 1997—
JapanYes — October 30, 1953Yes — October 30, 1953Note 5
JordanYes — December 17, 2001Yes — December 17, 2001—
KazakhstanNoYes — January 12, 1994—
Korea (South)Yes — November 7, 1957Yes — November 7, 1957—
KosovoYes — November 15, 1882Yes — November 15, 1882Note 11
KyrgyzstanNoYes — January 12, 1994—
LatviaYes — July 25, 1928Yes — December 26, 1996—
LiberiaYes — November 21, 1939Yes — November 21, 1939—
LithuaniaNoYes — November 22, 2001—
LuxembourgYes — March 28, 1963Yes — March 28, 1963—
MacedoniaYes — November 15, 1982Yes — November 15, 1982Note 11
MexicoYes — January 1, 1994Yes — January 1, 1994—
MoldovaNoYes — November 25, 1994—
MongoliaNoYes — January 1, 1997—
MontenegroYes — November 15, 1882Yes — November 15, 1882Note 11
MoroccoNoYes — May 29, 1991—
NetherlandsYes — December 5, 1957Yes — December 5, 1957Note 6
New ZealandYes — June 10, 2019Yes — June 10, 2019Note 16
NorwayYes — January 18, 1928Yes — January 18, 1928Note 7
OmanYes — June 11, 1960Yes — June 11, 1960—
PakistanYes — February 12, 1961Yes — February 12, 1961—
PanamaNoYes — May 30, 1991—
ParaguayYes — March 7, 1860Yes — March 7, 1860—
PhilippinesYes — September 6, 1955Yes — September 6, 1955—
PolandYes — August 6, 1994Yes — August 6, 1994—
PortugalYes — March 15, 2024Yes — March 15, 2024Note 17
RomaniaNoYes — January 15, 1994—
SenegalNoYes — October 25, 1990—
SerbiaYes — November 15, 1882Yes — November 15, 1882Note 11
SingaporeYes — January 1, 2004Yes — January 1, 2004—
Slovak RepublicNoYes — January 1, 1993Note 2
SloveniaYes — November 15, 1982Yes — November 15, 1982Note 11
SpainYes — April 14, 1903Yes — April 14, 1903Note 8
Sri LankaNoYes — May 1, 1993—
SurinameYes — February 10, 1963Yes — February 10, 1963Note 9
SwedenYes — February 20, 1992Yes — February 20, 1992—
SwitzerlandYes — November 8, 1855Yes — November 8, 1855—
ThailandYes — June 8, 1968Yes — June 8, 1968—
TogoYes — February 5, 1967Yes — February 5, 1967—
Trinidad & TobagoNoYes — December 26, 1996—
TunisiaNoYes — February 7, 1993—
TurkeyYes — February 15, 1933Yes — May 18, 1990—
UkraineNoYes — November 16, 1996—
United KingdomYes — July 3, 1815Yes — July 3, 1815Note 10
YugoslaviaYes — November 15, 1882Yes — November 15, 1882Note 11

Last legally verified: September 2, 2026. Official source: U.S. Department of State Treaty Countries. The official list and its country-specific footnotes control if this summary becomes stale.

Country-specific official notes
  • Note 1: The Taiwan agreement is administered on a nongovernmental basis by the American Institute in Taiwan under the Taiwan Relations Act.
  • Note 2: The former Czech and Slovak Federal Republic treaty continued for the Czech Republic and Slovak Republic as separate states on January 1, 1993.
  • Note 3: The Denmark treaty does not apply to Greenland.
  • Note 4: The France treaty applies to Martinique, Guadeloupe, French Guiana, and Réunion.
  • Note 5: The Japan treaty was later extended to the Bonin and Ryukyu Islands.
  • Note 6: The Department of State notes that the Netherlands treaty applies to Aruba and the Netherlands Antilles.
  • Note 7: The Norway treaty does not apply to Svalbard.
  • Note 8: The Spain treaty applies to all territories.
  • Note 9: The Netherlands treaty was extended to Suriname effective February 10, 1963.
  • Note 10: The United Kingdom convention is limited to specified British territory in Europe and qualifying United Kingdom nationals who satisfy its inhabitant requirement; other Commonwealth nationalities do not qualify through it.
  • Note 11: The Department of State treats listed successor states of the former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia as continuing to be bound by the legacy treaty.
  • Note 13: Bolivia E-2 eligibility is limited to qualifying activity connected to covered investments established or acquired before June 10, 2012; individual review is essential.
  • Note 14: Ecuador E-2 eligibility is limited to qualifying activity connected to covered investments established or acquired before May 18, 2018, with the current transitional period ending May 18, 2028.
  • Note 15: Israel E-2 visa issuance became available May 1, 2019 after reciprocal treaty-investor treatment was confirmed.
  • Note 16: New Zealand E-1 and E-2 visa issuance became available June 10, 2019 after reciprocal treatment was confirmed.
  • Note 17: Portugal E-1 and E-2 visa issuance became available March 15, 2024 after reciprocal treatment was confirmed.

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